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Verona Water Hardness & Quality Report (2026)

Water Hardness

340.4mg/L
Very Hard

19.9 grains per gallon

Source

groundwater

pH Level

7.2

neutral = 7.0

Lead

0.004 mg/L

✓ Below action level

TDS

432.8 mg/L

Est. Daily Cost

$0.91

energy & soap waste

Source: See methodology section below · Updated 2026

340.4mg/L as CaCO₃Very Hard

0–60

mg/L

Soft

61–120

mg/L

Moderately Hard

121–180

mg/L

Hard

180+

mg/L

Very Hard

Appliance Damage Report

In Verona, your appliances are currently losing 45% efficiency due to mineral buildup.

ApplianceIn VeronaSoft Water CityEfficiency Loss
Kettle
1.5 yrs
8.5 yrs-82%
Washing Machine
3 yrs
12 yrs-75%
Water Heater
5 yrs
15 yrs-67%

Regional Water Comparison

How Verona compares to its nearest neighbours

CityHardnessPFAS (ppt)RiskSource
Verona, Wisconsin340.4 mg/L10.1 ppt🔴 Very Hardgroundwater
Fitchburg, Wisconsin≈ 120–179 mg/L0 ppt🟠 Hardgroundwater
Middleton, Wisconsin≈ 120–179 mg/L0 ppt🟠 Hardgroundwater
Madison, Wisconsin≈ 180+ mg/L2 ppt🔴 Very Hardgroundwater
Oregon, Wisconsin310 mg/L0 ppt🔴 Very Hardgroundwater

National Benchmark

How Verona compares to the USA average

BenchmarkHardnessAppliance Risk
Verona340.4 mg/L🔴 High
USA National Avg151 mg/L🟠 Moderate
Scarsdale Top Rated0.02 mg/L🟢 None

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What Makes Verona's Water Unique?

Local geology and source profile

Source: GroundwaterTDS: 432.8 mg/LpH: 7.2

The City of Verona Waterworks supplies the municipality of Verona, drawing its water exclusively from groundwater. This supply originates from deep aquifer systems characteristic of south-central Wisconsin, specifically the Cambrian–Ordovician carbonate aquifer. The water passes through treatment processes at the utility's main facility, located at 410 Investment Court, Verona, WI 53593. Annual Consumer Confidence Reports are published by the City of Verona Waterworks, detailing water quality monitoring and treatment practices for residents.

The groundwater originates from the Cambrian–Ordovician aquifer system, which is rich in dolomite and limestone formations. These highly soluble carbonate minerals, primarily calcium and magnesium carbonates, readily dissolve as water moves through the soil and bedrock. This geological characteristic, prevalent in the ancient marine limestone and dolomite deposits of the region, is the main reason for the naturally very hard water supply found in Verona.

Homeowners in Verona will likely notice scale buildup on faucets and showerheads, along with reduced lathering from soaps and detergents. Mineral deposits can also appear on dishes and glassware after washing. Appliances like water heaters, dishwashers, and washing machines are susceptible to scale accumulation, which can decrease their efficiency and shorten their operational life. Many households find that installing a water softener significantly reduces these issues and lowers maintenance expenses. For those without a softener, regular descaling of appliances and the use of chelating agents can help manage scale buildup. Residents can find detailed water quality data, including pH and lead/copper results, in the annual Consumer Confidence Report or by contacting Scott Gunsolus.

Geology & Source: Cambrian–Ordovician aquifer; dolomite and limestone formations contribute high calcium and magnesium for very hard water

Other Wisconsin Water Reports

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Frequently Asked Questions

Is Verona's water safe to drink?
Yes. Verona's water meets all federal safety standards. The hardness is 340.4 mg/L (Very Hard), which is safe to drink. High hardness affects appliances and taste, but poses no health risk.
Do I need a water softener in Verona?
At 340.4 mg/L (Very Hard), Verona's water will cause significant limescale on kettles, washing machines, and water heaters. A water softener or descaler is strongly recommended to extend appliance lifespan and reduce energy bills by up to 45%.
How does Verona compare to the USA average?
The USA national average is 151 mg/L. Verona (340.4 mg/L) is 190 mg/L above the national average. The softest major city is Scarsdale at just 0.02 mg/L.

Data Sources & Methodology

Water quality data for Verona is derived from geographic and geological modelling of the surrounding region. No federal monitoring station data was available for this location.

Estimated

Water Hardness

Modelled estimate based on state-level USGS geological survey data for this region. No direct USGS Water Quality Portal measurement was matched to this city — the value reflects a statistical range calibrated to the state's dominant rock types and typical source water characteristics.

Estimated

pH

Estimated from regional geology and source water characteristics. pH is correlated with water hardness and local bedrock — values may differ from utility-reported figures.

Estimated

TDS — Total Dissolved Solids

Estimated using a derived ratio from water hardness and regional conductance profiles. TDS in natural water correlates strongly with total mineral content including hardness ions.

Measured

PFAS — Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances

EPA UCMR5 (5th Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule, 2023–2025) — sum of PFAS compounds detected at the public water system serving this city. A value of 0 indicates the system was sampled with no detection above reporting limits.

Modelled

Lead

Modelled estimate based on the EPA Lead and Copper Rule 90th-percentile tap-sample methodology. No publicly available per-city lead dataset with sufficient national coverage exists. Values are a conservative baseline derived from city population tier and infrastructure age — all estimates are maintained below the EPA action level of 0.015 mg/L.

Calculated

Appliance Lifespan

Calculated from water hardness using a linear degradation model. Baseline lifespans represent soft-water performance (kettle: 8.5 yrs, washing machine: 12.0 yrs, water heater: 15.0 yrs). Hard water mineral scale progressively reduces operational life in direct proportion to hardness concentration.